Aortic Regurgitation

causes of chronic aortic regurgitation:

1. rheumatic heart disease
2. congenital (eg. bicuspid valve; VSD - an associated prolapse of the aortic cusp is not uncommon)
3. seronegative arthopathy (esp. ankylosing spondylitis)
4. aortic root dilatation

• marfan's syndrome
• aortitis (sero -ve arthropathies, RA, tertiary syphilis)

causes of acute aortic regurgitation

1. infective endocarditis
2. marfan's syndrome
3. dissecting aneurysm of the aortic root

Severity of AR

positive LR indicate that the presence of a sign is likely to occur that much more often in an individual with the disease than in one without it. the higher the positive LR, the more useful is a positive sign.

negative LR increases the likelihood that the disease is absent if the sign is not present.

source: Talley

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